Logging in remotely over the network

In order to log in remotely over the network you need to use our VPN.

Configuring your VPN connection

How VPN works?

If you do not have much experience with virtual private networks, here you can find very brief and condensed information how VPNs work and why you eg do not need to have a public fixed IP to connect to an observatory remotely.

Getting a VPN Certificate

In order to use the VPN you will need to request a VPN certificate from us. Contact DFN camera help and we will provide you with one. Please tell us what platform you will be using (Linux, Mac OS X, Windows, Android) as sometimes we need to modify the configuration depending on your platform (Windows required four IP addresses instead of two for example).

Installing and OpenVPN Client

You will then need to install and configure an OpenVPN client that supports your platform.

Linux

Debian <=7 & Ubuntu earlier versions with system V init:

Install OpenVPN by running the command:

apt-get install openvpn

Then, place your certificate in /etc/openvpn (extract if from the archive if required). You can now connect to the VPN by running the command:

sudo service openvpn start

To enable OpenVPN so that it starts on boot, run the command:

sudo update-rc.d openvpn enable

Debian 8+ & Ubuntu later versions (16.04+ ?) with systemd:

Install OpenVPN by running the command:

apt-get install openvpn

Then in NetworkManager frontend (the network interfaces icon in task panel) in VPN connections, add new VPN, select OpenVPN, open the provided .ovpn file.

... or:

Manually place your certificate in /etc/openvpn (extract if from the .tgz archive if required). You can now connect to the VPN by running the command:

sudo systemctl start openvpn@ALIAS.service

To enable OpenVPN so that it starts on boot, run the command: (replacing ALIAS as required with the config file name without extension)

sudo systemctl enable openvpn@ALIAS.service

CentOS 6, RHEL 6 & Fedora 14 (and earlier versions) with system V init

Install OpenVPN by running the command:

yum install openvpn

Then, place your certificate in /etc/openvpn (extract if from the .tgz archive if required). You can now connect to the VPN by running the command:

sudo service openvpn start

To enable OpenVPN so that it starts on boot, run the command:

chkconfig --level 345 openvpn on

CentOS 7, RHEL 7 & Fedora 17 (and later versions) with systemd

Install OpenVPN by running the command:

yum install openvpn

or

dnf install openvpn

Then you can either use NetworkManager or set up the certificetes/keys manually.

NetworkManager way

EPEL repository has NetworkManager-openvpn and NetworkManager-openvpn-gnome which should integrate into the graphical network management.

dnf install NetworkManager-openvpn NetworkManager-openvpn-gnome

Then in NetworkManager frontend (the network interfaces icon in task panel) in VPN connections, add new VPN, select OpenVPN, open the provided .ovpn file.

Manual way

Place your certificate in /etc/openvpn (extract if from the .tgz archive if required). You can now connect to the VPN by running the command:

sudo systemctl start openvpn@ALIAS.service

To enable OpenVPN so that it starts on boot, run the command: (replacing ALIAS as required with the config file name without extension)

sudo systemctl enable openvpn@ALIAS.service

Note: Later versions like RHEL8 & clones have 'server' and 'client' subfolders in /etc/openvpn, to make things more tidy and better organised. It is more 'proper' to put the provided keys/certs into the 'client' subfolder. The systemd service name is the slightly different: "

sudo systemctl start openvpn-client@ALIAS.service
sudo systemctl enable openvpn-client@ALIAS.service

OpenSuse 13.1 (and later versions) with systemd

Install OpenVPN by running the command:

zypper in openvpn

Then, place your certificate in /etc/openvpn (extract if from the .tgz archive if required). Note the ALIAS you have. You can now connect to the VPN by running the command: (replacing ALIAS as required)

sudo systemctl start openvpn@ALIAS.service

To enable OpenVPN so that it starts on boot, run the command: (replacing ALIAS as required with the config file name without extension)

sudo systemctl enable openvpn@ALIAS.service

Mac OS X

We recommend Tunnelblick OpenVPN client.

Install Tunnelblick from here and then configure it using the .opvpn file provided by DFN camera help by following the instructions here (Creating and Installing a Tunnelblick VPN Configuration section).

Windows

• Install OpenVPN (bottom row of the first table)
• Place your .opvpn file containing your certificate, key and config options into Program Files/OpenVPN/config.
• To connect to the VPN, run OpenVPN from the start menu, and double click on the new OpenVPN system icon in the taskbar.
• Wait a few seconds; the window will disappear, and the icon will turn mostly green once you're connected
• You can now connect to any camera using its VPN IP address.

Android

Camera maintenance can also be carried out from a phone or tablet. Having one of these devices is a great backup in case your laptop runs out of battery or you can't use it for some other reason. Setting up Android to use the VPN for remote maintenance is also quite simple.

• Install the OpenVPN Connect app.
• Download your .opvpn file onto your phone
• Launch OpenVPN, press "Import" from the three dot menu and find your .opvpn file
• Press Connect to initiate your VPN connection, a persistent notification should appear in the notification bar

An alternative client we have a good experience with is OpenVPN for Android. This one claims it does not contain any adds.

You'll also need an SSH app to connect to the camera (a web based control panel for the cameras will also be available soon). We recommend JuiceSSH.

Logging In via the Terminal

Once you have the certificate installed on your computer and you have connected to the VPN you will be able to connect to the camera as if you had a local Ethernet or WiFi connection (although the response time to commands will be a bit longer). The only difference is that you will need to use the VPN IP address of the camera instead of the local login IP address.

If you are on Linux or Mac OS X open a terminal and log into your observatory using SSH. For example, if you have set up your hosts file for convenience you would into DFNEXT17 by running the command:

ssh root@DFNEXT17

If you have not set up your local hosts file, you would run the command:

ssh root@10.1.23.17

You will then be prompted to unlock your SSH key to log in or enter the root user password if you aren't using an SSH key.

Logging In via the Terminal from Windows

If you're on Windows, you will need to use PuTTY or Microsoft Windows Subsystem for Linux; for more information see: Logging in via Terminal from Windows. You will need to use the relevant VPN IP address instead of the local addresses though.

Logging in via the Web Interface

If you have set up your hosts file, you can now log in via the web interface by entering it in your browser's address bar with the web interface's port number (8080). For example, to log into DFNEXT12 you would enter DFNEXT:8080.

If you haven't set up your hosts file for convenience then you will need to look up your observatories VPN IP address and enter that instead. For example, to log into DFNEXT12 you would enter 10.1.23.12:8080.